Political Parties In Indonesia Research Articles

Factorization of the Difficulty of Political Parties in Indonesia to Develop as an Implementation of Democratic State

Pemilihan umum yang diselenggarakan untuk memilih anggota lembaga perwakilan rakyat, yang mencakup kegiatan partai politik, merupakan bentuk demokrasi. Dalam hal ini, sebuah negara yang mematuhi sistem demokratis adalah negara yang diatur berdasarkan keinginan dan kehendak rakyat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan penelitian perpustakaan untuk mengumpulkan data sekunder. Pendekatan perpustakaan adalah pendekatan yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh data yang dilakukan melalui proses membaca, menulis, kemudian diproses dengan berbagai sumber literatur, buku, catatan, majalah, untuk memperoleh jawaban atas masalah hukum yang sedang diteliti. Dalam kenyataannya, banyak perilaku partai politik yang tidak sejalan dengan ideologi yang telah ditetapkan. Sistem Rekrutmen dan Pola Kader Anggota Partai Politik saat ini cukup mengkhawatirkan. Banyak fenomena telah menimbulkan keraguan tentang kader partai politik. Dalam hal ini, masalah utamanya adalah bahwa ketergantungan partai politik pada dana dari pemerintah telah mengubah sifat partai politik itu sendiri. Berdasarkan hasil kontemplasi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada tiga masalah yang terjadi dalam partai politik di Indonesia, yaitu: 1) Pelemahan ideologi partai politik, 2) Pelemahan Tingkat Kualitas Administrasi dan Pola Rekrutmen Kader Anggota Partai Politik, 3) Krisis dalam mengumpulkan dana partai politik yang dalam dana pemerintah telah mengubah sifat partai politik itu sendiri.

Party change and electoral performance: assessing the impact of intraparty conflict on the Democrat and Hanura parties

This article examines the determining factors inducing the decreasing votes of two renowned political parties in Indonesia: The Democrat Party (PD) and the People Conscience Party (Hanura). As the ruling party in the 2009 election, the PD’s votes declined dramatically in the two following elections. Meanwhile, Hanura failed to exceed the parliamentary threshold in 2019. Methodologically, it is qualitative research by utilizing a comparative case approach. To gather data, this study employed in-depth interviews and documentary analysis and strengthened by NVivo 12plus platform by using Crosstab Query and Wordcloud Analysis to visualize data. By applying the party change indicators developed by Harmel and Janda, the findings revealed that leadership change was the most influential factor toward the poor performance of both parties in the electoral competition. Such leadership change caused a detrimental conflict and changed a dominant faction inside the party. More specifically, the corruption case behaved by the PD’s politicians aggravated the party charm, and the parliamentary threshold was a supporting aspect of the thrown out of Hanura from the parliament.

Analysis of Political Party Accountability and Financial Assistance in the Context of Indonesian Democracy

In the contemporary era characterized by globalization and swift democratic progress, Indonesia encounters distinctive challenges of rising political expenses. This article utilizes qualitative research methodologies to examine the consequences of increasing political costs on the dynamics of Indonesian democracy, specifically concerning accountability and financial support for political parties. The main findings suggest that the financial assistance to political parties in Indonesia has not adequately tackled the forthcoming challenges that Indonesian democracy may encounter. In contrast, political parties persist in facing challenges in accountability mechanisms for the funds they acquire. The provision of financial aid may be perceived as a feasible approach to mitigate the financial burdens associated with political campaigns. However, in the absence of adequate mechanisms to ensure transparency and accountability, there is a possibility of corruption and concerns regarding the scope of funding. This article further emphasizes the significance of political education as a fundamental obligation of political parties to uphold democratic efficacy. This study places particular emphasis on the ramifications of providing financial assistance to political parties for the future trajectory of Indonesian democracy. To ensure the continued progress of democracy in Indonesia and realize the “Golden Indonesia 2045” vision, stakeholders must possess a comprehensive comprehension of the matter and effectively tackle the obstacles that arise from the significant political expenses involved.

How are political parties in Indonesia responding to the environmental crisis?

The environmental issues of living have become a crucial issue in the development of Indonesia in the last few decades. The issue of environmental management has been a narrative that has always been debated in political controversy events since the collapse of the Soeharto regime, and is still a very difficult homework to solve by the post-Suharto regime. Democracy also continues to push for improvements in environmental governance such as strengthening the role of civil society in overseeing state policies, increasingly sharp media role in investigating environmental damage and corrupt policies, and increasingly open public awareness. Environmental issues such as mining policies, the displacement of forests, the grinding of sea sand, mollusks and so on seem to be not very prominent in political party discussions. Even life-related issues are not central to political parties. Very few political parties put environmental issues in their vision and mission, which is why the study focuses on political narrative and how intensely political parties raise environmental themes in political party discussions in Indonesia. The political approach to the living environment is the basis of this study which is elaborated with netnographic studies to review the political narrative of the life environment by the party.

STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PARTAI POLITIK MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN POPULARITAS DAN ELEKTABILITAS

Political communication is a form of message delivery characterized by political messages with the aim of influencing the masses. The presence of social media is certainly used as a communication tool by political parties, legislative candidates, government and activists. Social media plays an important role in letting political parties inform the general public about their political activities. Social media is used for political purposes by political parties because with social media the audience can be easily influenced. The aim of this research is to find out how the NasDem political party manages its social media to communicate with the public, especially in terms of increasing the party's popularity and electability. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a sociological approach. The object of this research is the social media of the NasDem Party, which is one of the political parties in Indonesia. The data needed in this research is divided into 2 (two) sources, namely primary data and secondary data. The methods used to search for data in this research were observation, interviews and document study. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the unanimous strategy of the National Democratic Political Party (NasDem) in its efforts to provide a boost to its electoral electability is considered to be running smoothly, and the results benefit the NasDem political party itself. So that the NasDem Political Party has succeeded in proving its ability to compete with other major political parties in Indonesia.
  

The Gap in the National Leadership Recruitment Law By Post Reform Political Parties in Indonesia

Democratic States generally elect a National Leadership to lead a State through the General Election process. In Indonesia itself, post-reform, to determine the position of replacing the National Leadership using the General Election system as stipulated in the constitution with the principles of direct, general, free, secret, honest, and fair which are held every 5 years. Before being elected, the National Leadership in Indonesia must be carried out by political parties in order to become the main spearhead of the people in a Democratic State. However, in determining candidates for National Leadership, it is necessary to carry out recruitment organized by political parties to adjust the vision and mission of political parties and according to the interests and needs of the people. However, there are legal loopholes in the recruitment process for political parties which will have legal ramifications for Indonesia's democratic system. This study uses a normative legal method, with a statutory approach and literature study. This study concludes that there were various legal loopholes contained in the Political Party Law which then collided with the System for Supporting National Leadership Candidates listed in the Election Law which resulted in a regradation of the nature of democracy in Indonesia. Therefore it is necessary to improve the legal loopholes contained in the Law on Political Parties and the Law on Elections to provide concrete improvements system in the recruitment and formation of National Leadership. Such improvement is necessary in an attempt to avoid instant with the hope of avoiding instant recruitment which in terms of national leadership results in the depravity of the state system and leads to a recruitment system that runs in accordance with democracy.

Menguji Posibilitas Transplantasi Variasi Bantuan Keuangan Partai Politik di Indonesia (Studi Perbandingan di Kolombia, Brazil, Korea Selatan, dan Turki)

There are variations in political party Financial Assistances in various countries with various implications, both positive and negative. Besides, there are problems with political parties in Indonesia which in literatures are suspected to be related to the regulation of political party Financial Assistances. This research focuses on answering two research problems. First, what are the implications for the regulation of various models of Financial Assistances for political parties in Colombia, Brazil, South Korea, and Turkey referring to the aspects of free and fair elections, democratic politics, and corruption index? Second, how is the possibility of legal transplantation of political party Financial Assistances in order to solve the problems of political parties in Indonesia? This research is socio-legal research that analyzes secondary data. The results of this study show two results. First, it shows that the law in four countries have different implications, which there are three notes namely that i) countries that are quite good in the aspect of free and fair elections are South Korea, Brazil, and Colombia, ii) the four countries are not good enough in the aspect of democratic politics, iii) countries that are quite good in the aspect of corruption index is South Korea. Second, it shows that there is the possibility of legal transplantation which there are three notes: i) there is a constant and dynamic variable regulation of political party Financial Assistances in Indonesia, ii) the problem of political party Financial Assistances in Indonesia is in the democratic politics and corruption index which means need to transplant several aspects, iii) there is a possibility of transplanting variations in political party Financial Assistances as long as certain conditions are fulfilled.

Political Relations: Political Identity and Social Media in Elections in Indonesia

This research examines the role of social media in shaping political identity and political participation in contemporary Indonesia. Utilizing document analysis, the study explores how individuals and societal groups use social media as a tool to influence and participate in political discourse. The method employed in this research is qualitative descriptive. The findings reveal that social media facilitates a framework for personal action, enabling widespread participation in various political and social issues, and integrating personal lifestyle values into political dialogue. The study also pays attention to the challenges faced by political parties in Indonesia in attracting voters, especially the younger generation who are highly engaged with social media, in the lead-up to the 2024 simultaneous elections. Lastly, it is found that social media has deepened social interaction and information for the millennial generation, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic, affecting their views on politics and religion. The conclusion of this research emphasizes the importance of social media in shaping the political landscape in Indonesia, providing significant insights into how digital technology affects political participation and social identity.

The Management of a Modern Political Party (A Study on Recruitment Model of Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) in West Java)

Objective: This article will discuss the recruitment model for members/cadres and prospective candidates of general elections, either legislative or executive of PDI-P in West Java, as well as its challenges in becoming a modern political party in Indonesia.   Method: This research uses a qualitative method with data collection dominantly using a literature review related to the recruitment model of modern political parties and interviews with cadres of PDI-P in West Java. The analytical tools used are the scheme of recruitment model of modern political parties by Pippa Norris (2006), the concept of modern political party management by Hofmeister & Grabow (2011), also the 10 principles of the ideal party by Bhakti & Nurhasim (2016) to explain the recruitment model of PDI-P in West Java as one of the modern parties in Indonesia.   Result: The result found that the recruitment of PDI-P in West Java has used the principles of the modern political party in the process, such as opening the opportunity widely for the public to join the party, opening the chances for non-cadre to be nominated by the party as well all the procedure is based on the party Memorandum of Association/ Articles of Association (AD/ART).   Conclusion: Nevertheless, there are problems that have not been accommodated by the party, such as the quota for people with disabilities, young people, and the mechanism of special quota fulfillment for women that have not been given the overall clarity.

Modality in the Text of Jokowi’s Speech in the Context of the Anniversary of Political Parties in Indonesia: Systemic Functional Linguistics Study

A person's views or opinions can be known from the use of modalities when giving speeches. This study aims to determine and describe the use of modalities in the text of Jokowi's speech in the framework of the Anniversary of Political Parties in Indonesia. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The data of this study are clauses that have modalities in the text of Jokowi's speech. The technique of collecting data was done by online participatory observation and the technique of analyzing data was done by using interactive data analysis including: data collection, data reduction, data display and conclusion. Meanwhile, the source data of this research from five speeches of Jokowi at the political parties’ anniversary namely: Golkar, Perindo, PDI-Perjuangan, PSI, and Gerindra. The five speeches of Jokowi were downloaded from youtube. The results of this study show that the five speeches of Jokowi used modalization modality and modulation modality with different frequency occurences. Modalization modality dominates in its use with frequency 68 times meanwhile the frequency of modulation modality occurred in 53 times. This research also found 18 markers of modality used by Jokowi in his speech. From 18 markers of modality, it was found 3 markers of modality that were dominant in use, namely: ‘will’, ‘must’, and ‘want’. Thus, it was concluded that Jokowi in his speech had high hopes for the five political parties to bring Indonesia to become a developed country.

Zaken Cabinet Map and Presidential Prerogrative in the Perspective of Multiparty Presidential System in Indonesia

Constitutionally, the system of government chosen by the Indonesian people is a presidential system with a multiparty system. This system of government makes the President shackled by political parties when he wants to arrange the cabinet, which is his prerogative. This article will discuss the problem of how the zaken cabinet map of the multiparty presidential system in the perspective of scientific expertise or scientific approach/expertise approach can ve implemented side by side with the interests of coalition political parties in Indonesia. By using normative juridical analysis, it is concluded that the zaken cabinet map of the multiparty presidential system in the perspecive of scientific expertise or scientific approach/expertise approach can be implemented side by side with the interset of coalition political parties in Indonesia with minimum ratio of 32,35% (Thirty-two point thirty-five percent) filled by experts/professionals and the rest can be left to the political parties supporting the president / vice president as a manifestation of “political rewards”

Perempuan Muda dan Partai Politik : Dari Descriptive Participation menuju Substantive Representation

The low level of political participation among women in general, including young women, in Indonesia can be explained through three reasons. Firstly, women face a challenging playing field because politics is predominantly characterized by a masculine culture. Secondly, in their pursuit of political engagement, women encounter several obstacles, such as patriarchal structures, sexist and ageist views, and social class barriers. Thirdly, young women are also hindered by political nepotism, lack of party support, limited political knowledge, and financial constraints. This paper utilizes the conceptual framework of Women and Political Party by Lovenduski (1997), Squires (2007), Ann Phillips’ theory of women’s representation, as well as the works of Young, Mouffe, Childs, and Krook to examine the dynamics of young women and political parties in Indonesia from the 2019 elections to the upcoming 2024 elections. The focus is on the interconnection between descriptive participation and substantive representation. The research methodology employed involves a critical analysis of existing literature supplemented by interviews conducted with young women actively involved in five political parties qualified as participants in the 2024 elections (Golkar, NasDem, PKB, Demokrat, and PSI), including both ordinary party members and those who were elected as members of the DPR (People’s Representative Council of Indonesia) in the 2019 elections.

Political Education in Indonesia: Community Assessment and Preferences for Political Education Conducted by Political Parties

One of the functions carried out by political parties is the function of public political education. Political education is the process of imparting knowledge to the public about state politics and finally implementing it in general election activities. The success or failure of political education carried out by political parties to the public can be seen by the level of community participation in general elections. This study aims to describe people's assessments and preferences for political education conducted by political parties in Indonesia. Descriptive quantitative approaches were used in this research. While testing the hypothesis the Mac Nemar hypothesis on signs and testing changes was used. Based on testing the hypothesis on signs, it was found that more respondents who answered that political education carried out by political parties for the community failed or were not successful were more than respondents who answered that political education carried out by political parties for the community was successful. As an implication, political education carried out by political parties is declared a failure or the function carried out by political parties in conducting political education has not been carried out properly. Based on the Mac Nemar change test hypothesis, it was found that the calculated chi-squared value was 0.167 and this value was smaller than the khai squared value in table 3.841. So that the null hypothesis is declared accepted and has the implication that there is no change in respondents' preferences after joining a political party.

Conceptual Problems of Political Parties Cadre Management in the Reform Era in Indonesia

This study describes the dynamics and practices of political party management in Indonesia after entering the reform era. The hopes for the welfare of the Indonesian people towards the existence of political parties in Indonesia have not shown significant results. Political parties are still trapped by internal interests compared to the big goal of improving the welfare of society, even the party's reputation in politics tends to decrease in society because of practices that violate the norms of decency. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach From the existing data, factual problems of political parties were found. The political party cadre system is unable to build cadre capacity, there is no capacity standardization in cadre recruitment, cadre capacity shifts to financial capacity, personal motivation is still unstable and always changes when cadres have occupied legislative positions and regional heads. The organizational climate of political parties is periodic, only before elections, there is no integrated teamwork in political parties, political work in political parties still depends on the interests of cadres. The leadership role in the lower regions is not able to translate the vision, mission and policy directives of the top level leaders, the top level leadership is unable to absorb aspirations and communication from the lower level leadership. This research has a novelty that the management of political parties really needs the implementation of human capital. The human capital approach is currently still being applied to profit institutions and has never been tested in non-profit institutions, namely political party organizations. Keywords: political parties, cadre governance, reformation era, human capital, leadership

Dinamika Sistem Pemilu dan Demokratisasi Partai Politik di Indonesia Pasca Reformasi

The purpose of writing this article is to find a correlation between the differences in the electoral system adopted and the democratic index of political parties, through a comparative study of changes in the electoral system that have taken place since the Reformation. Election systems can be identified through regulatory changes to the Election Law. The analysis is seen through the perceptions index of Indonesian democracy, namely in the aspects of political institutions, political party variables, and regeneration indicators. This research is descriptive qualitative, using normative juridical analysis methods, and positivist legis. The results showed that differences in the representation system resulted in changes in political party strategy which had implications for internal democratization of political parties. The democracy index of political parties in Indonesia tends to decline after the implementation of an open proportional system and the strengthening of the parliamentary threshold, because political parties are more oriented towards getting votes than regeneration. An alternative that can be done is by combining a proportional electoral system and a district system, a two-chamber parliament system (bicamiral) and accommodating group groups, namely a functional representation system.Keywords: Dynamics, Election System, Democracy, Political Parties

Pengaruh Sosialisasi Politik Partai Islam Terhadap Perilaku Pemilih Pada Pemilu 2019 di Kecamatan Undaan Kabupaten Kudus

Islamic political parties in Indonesia have colored the post-reform democratic party. Between parties are trying to persuade people who are predominantly Muslim to vote for them, but the phenomenon is that these parties are fighting over the masses with nationalist parties that have taken root in the hearts of the people. This paper will discuss how the political socialization of Islamic parties is carried out in the 2019 elections in Undaan Kudus District and what factors influence the low vote acquisition of Islamic parties in Undaan District. The research method in this paper uses qualitative research and is presented descriptively. The results of the research show that the Islamic Party in Undaan District has a lower vote share than the nationalist party. Islamic parties in Undaan carry out political socialization through socialization agents, namely family, social groups and mass media, namely internet social media. Apart from that, they use other methods of conveying political socialization, such as the use of political props (billboards, banners, etc.) and also Islamic parties partner with Kiai as a means of conveying political socialization. The low number of votes acquired by Islamic parties in the context of voting behavior is influenced by the tendency shown by the people of Undaan District who vote rationally are not too interested in political concepts, but more in the benefits they get. 

Black Market of Democracy: The Anomaly of Buying Political Party Recommendation Letters of Regional Leader Candidates in Indonesia

This article is arranged based on qualitative research results with a case study approach in one of the major political parties in Indonesia. This research found that recruiting regional leader candidates by political parties is not open and undemocratic. There are fraudulent actions and anomalies in the recruitment of regional leader candidates. The practice of buying and selling recommendation letters from the central party is real and occurs. Even though it is carried out secretly by some party elites, the perpetrators seem to be in a black market, as their existence is carried out tactically and cautiously. The selection of regional leader candidates conducted by political parties is followed by all groups, both from outside the party and cadres of the party itself. In reality, those with adequate political resources, especially from a financial perspective, will get party approval.

Ethnic Mobility and the Formation of Political Identity in Indonesia

Indonesia is an archipelagic country that has many tribes and cultures, which make Indonesia a multi-cultural country. There are 5 religions recognized in Indonesia based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia, namely: Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. This research is related to ethnic mobility and the formation of political identity in Indonesia which is currently very interesting to be discussed by various researchers around the world, not only in Indonesia. In this study, researcher discuss ethnic mobility and the formation of political identity based on history that has occurred in Indonesia to date. The Indonesian nation Indonesia adheres to the Pancasila ideology so that the national ideology has a major influence on the unity and integrity of the nation. In this study, researcher also examined the ideological values of Pancasila and the nation's unifying motto called Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach in which the researcher conducts a descriptive elaboration of ethnic mobility and the formation of political identity in Indonesia and ethnic participation in political parties in Indonesia. The results of the study show that in the past there were still many Indonesian people who considered themselves local residents and were reluctant to accept other ethnic groups to occupy certain positions in an area, including political positions. The separatist movement that emerged in an area due to the inequality of one region with another, such as the islands of Java and Sumatra, had caused inter-ethnic conflict and many people were anti-Chinese in the 90s. However, currently, Indonesia has provided space for various tribes and religions to be involved in political development in Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. Indonesia as a multiethnic country has upheld democratic freedoms for all nations and provided regional autonomy policies for each region in order to improve public welfare.

Online Media Trends on Political Party Sentiment Ahead of the 2024 Election in Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to find out the tendencies of Indonesian online media on political party sentiment before the 2024 election in Indonesia. Online media is a communication tool for political parties in providing narratives and brief descriptions of the maneuvers of the political parties themselves and the candidates they carry. This study uses a qualitative type, the method used is qualitative data analysis software (QDAS). 72 news documents from detik.com, tribunnews.com, pikiranrakyat.com, and kompas.com as the data sources for this research, news documents published from May to October 2022. Data analysis used the NVivo 12 plus device including sentiment analysis. The results of data analysis show that online media tends towards several political parties in Indonesia, including the tendency of political parties towards their presidential candidates, and five types of sentiment have their nominations. The results of this study state that a very positive type of sentiment is shown in Ganjar Pranowo. In addition, in the four online media, PDI P appears more frequently than the other 8 political parties. However, detik.com tends toward the KIB party, and thoughts of people.com tend toward the democratic party.

The Dissolution of Political Parties in Indonesia is Viewed from the Constitutional Aspect

Democracy is a manifestation of the State of Indonesia. This means that Indonesia always triess to guarantee the rights of its citizens to freedom of association and assembly. This is stated in the state constitution, namely the 1945 Constitution concerning guarantees for human rights. This right is the right to associate and assemble which can be dedicated as a forum for establishing a political party. So in matters of the state, it is always related to the problems of political parties. This political party has a role in determining the direction of policies and goals of a country. The development of political parties can also be a development towards the direction of the country, so it is necessary to have restrictions on the establishment of a political party. Like having to have the same ideology with the ideology of the state. Political parties that are proven to have different ideologies from the state will be dissolved and frozen and in this case the dissolution mechanism has been regulated by the state. This change and suspension is a form of restriction given by the state to guarantee national security and also guarantee the rights of Indonesian citizens.